Atopic eczema is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease that is becoming increasingly prevalent. It is characterized by an imbalance in the immune response that causes increased sensitivity of IgE (the antibody responsible for allergies) to common environmental allergens. While this disorder is mainly genetic, it is also influenced by lifestyle factors such as a Western diet, which generally has a reduced consumption of omega-3 fatty acids (such as DHA and EPA) and an increased intake of omega-6 fatty acids (such as arachidonic acid).
A randomized, double-blind, controlled study recently published in the British Journal of Dermatology (2008;158:786-792) studied the effect of DHA on patients with atopic eczema. 53 patients from 18 to 40 years of age were given high-dose DHA or placebo for 8 weeks, with a 12 week follow-up. At the end of the study, it was found that there was a significant clinical improvement of eczema in the DHA group, which was determined by a decreased SCORAD (severity scoring of atopic dermatitis) index. There was also a significant reduction in the synthesis of IgE by immune cells. Also of benefit, although not directly relevant to eczema, were a significant decrease in triacylglycerol values and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or good cholesterol) levels.
These results are likely due to DHA’s anti-inflammatory effects. DHA is able to inhibit the activation and proliferation of certain forms of immune cells that contribute to inflammation. It also inhibits the metabolism of arachidonic acid, which leads to proinflammatory signals, and it serves as a precursor of anti-inflammatory signaling molecules. These results are consistent with previous studies that found that n-3 fatty acids are effective for improving the clinical outcomes of atopic eczema. DHA may therefore provide useful support for eczema treatments.
For more information see Omega Cardio
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